Bruno Dumont is an auteur in a
rather extreme sense of the word. While his films are imbued with a developing
style that is all his own and with consistent themes, unfamiliarity with his
early work may make it harder to fully appreciate his later work. Having seen
only last year’s Hors Satan (apparently the endpoint of what was then
his stylistic concerns) before seeing Camille Claudel 1915, it is hard
not to imagine that one is missing something which will only make sense when
one has seen how this filmmaker’s ideas have developed from his debut – La
vie de Jésus – onwards. One consistent thing between the two I have seen,
however, is the Pasolini-like concern with how religion and reality coincide.
Camille Claudel 1915 is a
very specific title for a rather specific film. The film largely follows a
typical section in the life of sculptress Camille Claudel (Juliette Binoche),
who has been placed in Montdevergues Asylum. In her second year at the asylum,
Claudel is clearly unhappy, suspicious of the motives of the nuns who care for
her and feeling abandoned and imprisoned. Her existence is severely limited and
depressing. Her one hope is her brother Paul (Jean-Luc Vincent) who is coming
to visit her shortly.
The film is very minimalist –
even more so than Hors Satan – focussing almost exclusively on Juliette
Binoche’s face in close-up. As a showcase of Binoche’s talents, it is possibly
unparalleled since the film spends a lot of time on Binoche’s face as she
silently conveys Claudel’s inner turmoil with limited dialogue. The first hour
of the film starkly represents Claudel’s life in the asylum, living amongst
mentally disabled adults, all of whom were played by genuinely disabled
non-professional actors (the nuns were also non-professional actors and professional
nurses), cooking her own food, writing letters to people she thinks may help
her, praying and just simply sitting and looking around her. The film offers a
long hard look at one woman’s imprisonment.
Where the film most clearly
represented Dumont’s concerns about the meeting of the sacred and the profane
is in the scenes towards the end of the film involving Camille’s brother Paul,
a deeply religious and incredibly self-righteous man whose strong beliefs are
effectively imprisoning Camille since his refusal to release her is based on
his beliefs. Their long-awaited confrontation at the end of the film only
represented her entrapment of the more since their conversation is stilted and
uncommunicative. Camille complains of her imprisonment and vents furiously
about the men she thinks put her there (her former lover Rodin whom she hasn’t
seen in twenty years) while Paul can only look on and shake his head.
Another instance in which the spiritual is checked or
forced into contrast with reality is in the faces of the other asylum inmates.
Dumont trains his camera on their faces – which may or may not feel
exploitative depending on one’s point of view – representing either the
religious clichés of the holy fool or an instance in which religion is not
present and cannot help. In one scene, a nun helped a patient into the church
despite the fact that his feet hurt and he has no idea what God or heaven is.
The contrast is presumably intended to be similar to that in Pasolini’s Accattone
in which a street fight is famously and rather movingly scored with sacred
music by Bach.
If the film feels then like a rather slight work, it is
because the film intends to be an accurate representation of what Camille
Claudel’s life must have been like in 1915, hence the specific title. Two years
into an imprisonment that would last almost thirty years until her death – as
one incredibly stark note states at the end of the film – we see a Camille that
hasn’t yet given up hope, one that still expected to be allowed out of her asylum.
That said, and after only one viewing, it seems that
the film may have more to it than simply a representation of imprisonment and a
vague interest in the clash between religion and reality. Like Hors Satan,
which imagines what a modern day, country-based Jesus or Satan would be like, Camille
Claudel 1915 feels like a film that will reveal more with further viewing
and a deeper familiarity with the filmmaker’s work. No bad thing, but it means
that some further study is required.
A shorter review is available here.
